Demise of Prophet Muhammad and Martyrdom of Imam Hassan in Iran ― Date, History, and Details
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History of Demise of Prophet Muhammad and Martyrdom of Imam Hassan in Iran and How to Celebrate/ Observe It
The Prophet Muhammad died in 632 CE, after leading the Muslim community for over 20 years. His death was a shock to the Muslim community, which was left without a leader. The Prophet’s cousin and son-in-law, Ali, was elected as the first caliph, but he was opposed by another faction led by Muawiyah, the governor of Syria. This resulted in the First Fitna, or Muslim Civil War.
The Second Fitna began in 680 CE when Ali’s son, Husayn, was killed at the Battle of Karbala by the forces of the Umayyad caliph, Yazid. This event is commemorated by Shia Muslims every year on Ashura. The martyrdom of Imam Husayn helped to solidify the split between the Shia and Sunni branches of Islam.
In Iran, the Shia branch of Islam is the dominant denomination. The Iranian Revolution of 1979 brought a Shia government to power for the first time in modern history. Since then, Iran has been a major supporter of Shia causes throughout the Muslim world.
The martyrdom of Imam Hassan is also commemorated by Shia Muslims. Hassan was the Prophet Muhammad’s grandson and the second Imam of the Shia. He was poisoned by his wife at the instigation of the Umayyad caliph, Muawiyah.