Ramadan Feast Eve in Turkey ― Date, History, and Details
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History of Ramadan Feast Eve in Turkey and How to Celebrate/ Observe It
Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar, and is observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting to commemorate the first revelation of the Quran to Muhammad according to Islamic belief. This annual observance is regarded as one of the Five Pillars of Islam. The month lasts 29–30 days based on the visual sightings of the crescent moon, according to numerous biographical accounts compiled in the hadiths. The word Ramadan comes from the Arabic root ramiḍa or ar-ramaḍ, which means scorching heat or dryness.
Fasting during Ramadan is fardh (obligatory) for adult Muslims, except those who are suffering from an illness, travelling, are elderly, pregnant, breastfeeding, diabetic, chronically ill, or menstruating. Fasting the month of Ramadan was made obligatory (wājib) during the month of Sha’aban, in the second year after the Muslims migrated from Mecca to Medina. Fatwas have been issued declaring that Muslims who live in regions with a natural phenomenon such as the midnight sun or polar night should follow the timetable of Mecca, but those who live in regions where night never falls, such as Iceland, should follow the timetable of Medina, where it is always dark at night throughout the year.
The act of fasting is said to redirect the heart away from worldly activities, its purpose being to cleanse the soul by freeing it from harmful impurities. Ramadan also teaches Muslims how to better practice self-discipline, self-control, God-consciousness, and furthers their charity and compassion. The Quran says: “O ye who believe! Fasting is prescribed to you as it was prescribed to those before you, that ye may learn self-restraint.”
During Ramadan, Muslims are also expected to put more effort into following the teachings of Islam by refraining from violence, anger, envy, greed, lust, angry outbursts, gossip and to try to get along with each other. In addition, Muslims are expected to refrain from sinful speech and behavior, including cursing, lying, backbiting, slander, humor directed towards others’ expense and making fun of people.
Eid al-Fitr, which marks the end of Ramadan, is one of the two most important festivals in the Muslim calendar. The other is Eid al-Adha. Muslims believe that they are obligated to give zakat (charity) during the month of Ramadan. Zakat is a religious obligation for all Muslims who are able to do so. It is a fixed percentage of one’s wealth and is given to the poor and needy.