Restoration of Somaliland Sovereignty in Somalia ― Date, History, and Details
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History of Restoration of Somaliland Sovereignty in Somalia and How to Celebrate/ Observe It
The Restoration of Somaliland Sovereignty in Somalia refers to the re-establishment of Somaliland’s independence from Somalia. This process began on May 18, 1991, when the Somali National Congress (SNC) declared the independence of the Republic of Somaliland. The move was supported by a majority of the people of Somaliland, as well as by the international community. However, Somalia’s government-in-exile, the Transitional Federal Government (TFG), does not recognize Somaliland’s sovereignty and claims that Somaliland is an autonomous region within Somalia.
The roots of the Somaliland sovereignty issue date back to the colonial period, when the area now known as Somaliland was divided between Britain and Italy. In 1960, Britain granted independence to its portion of Somaliland, which united with the Italian-administered area to form the Somali Republic. In 1969, a military coup led by Siad Barre ushered in a socialist government that abolished the constitution and dissolved the parliament. Barre’s regime was characterized by human rights abuses, economic mismanagement, and the repression of political dissent.
In the early 1990s, the Somali Republic collapsed due to the outbreak of the Somali Civil War. This conflict saw the rise of various warlords and militias, as well as the intervention of foreign powers, such as the United States and Ethiopia. In 1991, the SNC declared the independence of Somaliland, and a peace agreement was reached between the Somaliland government and the Somalia government-in-exile in 2004. However, the TFG has not recognized Somaliland’s sovereignty, and the two governments have remained at odds over the issue.